Variable-speed gearing.



M. PEDERSEN.

VARIABLE SPEED GEARING',

APPLICATION FILED Home. 1913.

1,235,498. Patented July 31, 1917;

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

HI, lli?.

Patented July 31,- 1.917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M. PEDERSEN. VARIABLE SPEED GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8. 19i3 Patented .M PEDERSEN,

VARIABLE SPEED BEARING. 1

APPLICATION FILED NOV-8. 1913.

Patented July 31, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

`in ope `ation and construction.

FFIC.

MIKAEL PEDERSJEN, OF DURSLEY, ENGLAND.

VARIABLE-SPEED GEARING.

Application filed November 8, 1913.

To all 'whom t 'may concern.'

Be it known that I, Hun-ini. PnDnRsEN, a subject of the I {ingdom ofDenmark, residing at Raglan House, Dursley, in the county ofGloucester', England, have invented certain new and usefulImprovementsin Variable-Speed Gearing, `of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates vto gearing for different speeds, and has for itspurpose to produce a gearing .mechanism which is light, strong, durable,eiiicient, neat and cheap to manufacture, with a. range of gears ofrdifferent speeds changeable without sudden shocks, with facility forgradually picking up" the power when changing into higher gears.

In my gear l employ dog7 or like positive clutches for locking thepinions or parts in a stationary condition in order to obtain thevarious gear ratios, but I incorporate friction clutches or brakingelements and advantageously provide them in conjunction withV the partsto which the pinions or members are positively locked, the object of thefriction clutches or braking elements being to provide that although thepinions are positively locked, a gradual receptiony o f the power by thegear assured. By this arrangement I obtain great advantage both Ifurthermore may incorporate a friction clutch or the equivalent in suolia manner that if Vthe powerimparted to the gear should .exceed apredetermined limit, the clutch or like. device will come into operationand willgive yor slip in preference to imparting the power to or throughthe gear.

ln carrying out the present vinvention the gear has a central spindlefixed in its support; the gearing proper carried yin a shell or frame isrevolving around on this central spindle or bearings arranged for thepurpose.

L A The shell or frame holds one or more,

preferably three, pinions each of which is composed of two or threeconcentric pinions of differentsizes placed so as to gear intointernaland enternal wheels or pinions concentric with thecentralspindle, one of which is the driving wheel `meaning the wheel drivingthe planet pinions, and to which is transmitted the 4power from themotor or other source. One or more of the pinions is or arecarried onthe central spin- `Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J illy 31, 1917.

Serial No. 799,967.

"or four or any suitable number of speeds,

according to the number of wheels yarranged to be locked to the centralspindle.

In order that this invention may be clearly understood and readilycarried into practice, reference may be had to the appended explanatoryfour sheets of drawings, upon which :--v

'Figure l 'is an eleva-tion of a three-speed gear according to thepresent invention and adapted for application to the hub of a bicycle.

Fig. la is a detail view showing certain of the parts shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the gear shown in Fig'. l, looking fromythe right.

Fig. 3 is a view of the brake occurring at or near the right-hand sideof Fig. l, the aspect being from the left,

F ig'. 4 is a similar view to Fig. 3 but with the brake band andoperating part therefor removed.

Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation of the part shown in Fig. l. Fig. 6is an elevation of the part shown in Figs. ,l and `and showing thelatter as viewed from the right, (having regard to Fig. l) instead offrom the left.

Fig. 7 is a section illustrating one form of clutch which may be used inconnection with the main driving wheel.

Fig. S is an illustration of the part shown in Fig. 7 as viewed from theleft.

Fig. is an illustration of the part shown in Fig. 7. but as viewed fromthe right.

Fig. l0 is a section illustrating an alternative mechanism which may beadopted in lieu, of the mechanism shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. ll is an illustration of the part shown in Fig. l0, as viewed fromthe right.

Fig. l2 is an illustration of an alternative mechanism which may be usedin lieu of the mechanism shown in Figs. l0 and ll, the

aspect ot illustration being similar to that in the ease of Fig. 11.

ln a convenient embodiment ot the present invention and describing itsapplication tor use as a three speed gear, having the direct drive onthe top gear, l form my driving ivheel 1 With internally cut teeth. Gnor in relation to this Wheel the driving pulley 2, chain Wheel, or otherdriving arrangement is mounted so that said driving arrangement canrevolverin relation to the internally cut ivheel, when more drivingpovver is applied than an adjustable friction arrangement 3 providedbetiveen the pulley and ivheel 1 willV transmit.

One suitable friction clutch ior use between the pulley or main drivingmember 2 and the internally toothed Wheel 1 is shown in Figs. T, S and9, in which clutch an eX- panding split clutch ring et is mounted uponthe pulley 2, one end otl the ring el, which may be beveled, beingadapted to bear against the correspondingly beveled tace of a projection5 on the pulley 2,.the other extremity ot the ring ec being enga ged bya ring shaped lever 6 which is furnished With an integral projection 7by Which it is pivoted to the driving member rl`he ringshaped lever 6 isalso furnished vcith tivo further projections 8, 8 which pass throughelongated slots in the member 2, and i'vhich projections S cooperate onthe other side of the member 2 with a plate 9 shaped as shou'n in Fig.8, the said plate 9 being rotatable tor purposes of adjustment and being furnished with cam surfaces in such a manner that by the rotation ofthe plate 9, the ring-shaped lever (i is displaced to eX- pand the brakeband al. The plate 9 can be rotated by hand to any desired condition otadjustment, in Which condition of adjustment it will remain Withoutusually necessitating anyT locking or retaining means. The engaging'faces ot the projections 8, 8 may be beveled, by which arrangement thesaid projections 8, 8 may themselvel be adapted to retain the plate 9preventing its detachment from the driving member Q.

in alternative :torni of clutch for use bef tvveen the driving memberand the intera projection 11 upon the driving' member.

In the still further alternative arrangement shovvn in Fig. 12, theringshaped lever G is dispensed with in favor of a substantiallysemi-circular lever 12 adapted to engage with both ends of the expandingclutch ring l in such a manner that upon displace .ment ot the lever19., as tor instance by a screiv such as that described `vvith referenceto Fig. 11, the brake band is expanded trom both ot its ends by theengagement with such ends of shoulders 18 and 14; kprovide-d upon thelever 12.

To form the external seat for the ball bearing tor the above internallytoothed Wheel, a ring 1G forming a ball race is screwed into its center.ln order to form part of a free wheel arrangement Yfor starting orpedaling, this ring 16, has teeth cut around its circumference; a clutchring 17 With a deeper and a shallovveiwrovv of teeth pointing eithervvay engages in these teeth and also in a corresponding roiv of teeth ona chain WheelvlS which in this case Will do both for starting and torpedaling, or a pulley or other starting part. The central spindle at thedriving end of the gear or hub carries the bearing r cone 1.9 for themain trame or shell, said cone being held against a shoulder on saidspindle, this cone may also form one part ofthe bearing or n ablyV-shaped, so as to torin a iiour pointA bearing. The outside cone 21being threaded will hold the other cones in place. ln cases in whichonly a plain bearing is used "for starting device a screwed ring or nutmay be employed, forming a shoulder which screwed ring or nut at thesame time holds the cones in place.

The shell 23 or frame which has one bearing on the inner cone 19 alreadymentioned is in this end shaped to talie the bearing or bearings for theplanet Wheels having for each such bearing a cylindrical projection orstud Qa around which the cone or inner race 25 is secured, the outerball race having an annular depression to give better bearing and keepthe balls running in a true line. F or keeping the balls in place Whenthe gear is disassembled a ring projection is provided'on the shell end2T and a shoulder is provided on the ring at the other side of the ballsthereby lea-ving between the said ring projection and shoulder a smalleropening outwardly than the sizey of balls. This race in an alternativearrangement may be integral with a stud projection through the web ofthe shell for its support. The planet wheel, having `the biggestdiameter at this end forms the outerrace encircling the balls and isalso formed with a shoulder for preventing endlong movement. rllheplanet Wheel 26 around this bearing gears into the driving internallycut Wheel 1 for which purpose the end part 2T of the shell is carriedbac-lr to allow room for the driving wheel to engage in the planet wheelwhich latter has its outer part projecting through the end web 27 of theshell for this purpose. The outer end 28 of the shell (and spoke flangethereon if used as a hub gear) encircles the internally cut drivingwheel 1. The other or back end oi the shell having the spoke flange hasinwardly a machined seat in which an kend plate 29 is concentricallyfixed by bolts, screws, or other means. In this end plate are the seatsfor the outer ball races or cups 30 for the planet wheels (inwardly)`and for the cup y31 of the main or central bearing (outwardly).

The ball race 32 on the planet wheels for this end constitutes the innerpartv oi' the bea-ring, the balls being advantageously re tained in a.suitable cage; the smallest pinion 33 is on this end, (this being thepinion for the low gear). Between this pinion 33 and they pinion Q6engaging the driving wheel l, (the whole being one lrigid part) is thepinion 35 for the medium speed. This has a wider peripheral face, as thecentral wheel 36 engaging with it slides on the spindle to clutch ateither end or run free at a central position. The shell with its endplate thus form seats for the two kmain central bearings and also forthe bearings for both ends of the double planet pinions. The ball raceor cup l'lXed in the main frame yor shell for the driving end of gearsforms inwardly toward the center a dog clutch 37 c which can at will beengaged by a correspending dog clutch formed in the one end of the sunwheel or pinion 36 ywhich can be slid endwise axially in `any approvedmanner. On the other end of this sliding wheel 36 is another dog clutch3S which clutches into another dog clutch formed on the inner end of asleeve 39 seated around the central spindle. This clutch on the innerend of the sleeve 39 serves also as clutch for a t'ree wheel clutch ring34 axially'sliding `on a cylindrical seating provided in connection withthe second sun or central wheel 40 which is for the lower gear and whichengages the smallest end 33 of the planet pinions. The clutch ring 34 isseated in an annular recess in one side of the sun-gear 40 and serves topermit'the said sungear to revolve freely in one direction whereas itmay be locked by the ring 34 from move'- ment in the opposite direction.For this purpose, the ring 34 has on one side small teeth which areadapted to mesh with the inclined teeth e upon the gear 40 and thusprevent movement of the gear in one direction while the inclination ofthe teeth e and e is such as to permit the movement of the gear 40 inthe other direction. On the other side from the teeth e, the ring S4 isprovided with inclined teeth `je/ which engage the inclined teeth wprojecting upwardly from the end of the sleeves 39 sothat the ring 34cannot move angularly with respect to the sleeve. If now the gear l40tends to revolve in one direction the inclined surfaces of the teeth andy force the ring 34 to the right, firmly locking the teeth e and e sothat a ytendency on 'the part of the gear 4() to revolve in theoppositedirection will permit the ring 34 to slip somewhat to the leftand thus release the teeth e and a. The purpose of this arrangement isto permit the gear 40 to follow the gear 33 when necessary. In cases in`which the gear 35 is rolling on the gear 36, and thelatter gear islocked, it is then necessary for Athe gear 40 to roll forward along withthe gear 33 since the center of the gear 33 travels more rapidly in itsplanetary path than the gear teeth 33 roll upon the gear 40. The freewheel clutch ring may be the same type as that provided in connectionwith the starting element, that is to say a Aring having large ratchetteeth engaging with teeth' off the fdog clutch and small ratchet teethengaging with similar small teeth on the lower speed sun pinion 40 orvice versa, so that said small teeth can over-run each other. Mountedaround the sleeve 39 is the cone 4l for the main bearing which cone alsoforms a distance piece to position the low speed sun wheel 4() against ashoulder or clutch teeth on the sleeve. The outer cylindrical end of thesleeve 39 is cut so as to form another clutch into which fits the centerof a brake barrel 42 for the purpose of providing a. permanentconnection. VThe brake barrel forms a shoulder for the cone 4l and isitself held in place by a yplate 48 locking in a circular groove on theouter end of the sleeve 39 the plate in assembling being secured bytwisting. From the sleeve outward, is 'mounted on the spindle, and

acting as shoulder for the sleeve, a iitting or frame 44 secured, fromtwisting, to the support holding the spindle by an anchor, ring, leveror other arrangement.

This fitting 44 has a seat on which a cam 45 can turn. This cam has acani yridge 45 which operates the one end of a double lever 46 pivotedon the litting or frame named above; the other arm of the lever operatesthe outer end of the rod carrying the shoulder which engages with thesun pinion 36, the rod having a shoulder adapted to work in a forked endof the lever 46, or being in any other way suitably connected. The lever46 may be adapted to displace the rod in both directions or only in onedirection against the eiort of a spring. Another face 47 on the cam 45operates a second lever 48 pivoted in the fra-me or fitting on which thecam is mounted.

This lever may have two faces projecting toward the cam, one 49 for themedium gear (which may be'adjustable) and the other 50 (which may not beadjustable, but which pro- ,j expanded.

vides a greater leverage) for the low gear. The adjustable face -l9 istwo-sided, that is to say it is adapted to cooperate with two cam facesin such a manner that the bralre may be operated for the medium gear bya movement of the cam in either direction. The brake is adapted to bedisengaged during the operations of engaging the dog clutches, the brakebeing put into engagement after the dog clutches have properly engaged.This lever i8 is adapted by turning, to open a Vsplit ring 5l held inposition upon a projection on the innerside of the fitting carrying thelever so that the brake drum is The cam operation of the lever thusapplies the brake which holds the brake drum l2 and by means of thesleeve 3S) one of the inside central or sun wheels 8G or et() graduallybecome stationary by virtue of the engagement of the dog clutch and ofthe free-wheel clutch, the dog clutch being engaged prior to the brakingoperation; the cam member shifts the sliding wheel into engagement withthe brake drum sleeve and also applies the bralre. By engaging thesliding wheel 36 with the cam sleeve the medium gear is obtained and byleaving the sliding wheel in a neutral position in which it spins freelybetween the two dog clutches, the low gear sun wheel 40 clutches by itsfree wheel clutch with the brake drum sleeve clutch giving low gear whenthe brake 5l is in operation but free engine or neutral when the brakeis oft. The other end of the sliding wheel 36 upon being clutched intothe Vdog clutch in the center of the shell will loclr the gearing thusmaking it solid and giving the directrdrive.

The cam may operate the rod through a lever or by a direct actuation orin any suitable manner and the cam instead of being mountedconcentrically may be mounted eccentrically in a manner which'lendsitself to the direct operation of the rod. Moreover instead of arotating cam I may employ a sliding' cam adapted to effect the desiredoperations either directly or through the vmedium of a lever or in anysuitable way,

the sliding cam being suitably mounted in a convenient support in theframe or fitting or in the mechanism.

Instead of either orjboth the split expanding brake rings described,contractile brake band or bands or any other suitable form of brake orclutch may be employed the lever and cam action being suitably modified.By leaving out the big sun wheel and the automatic ring clutch a twospeed gear is obtained. For a four-speed gear l may employ an additionalsun wheel having an automatic clutch and gearing with an additionaltrain of planet pinions. In this arrangement two sun wheels areVprovided having automatic clutches enabling them to run free in onedirection.y One of these autoto and forms a rigid part of thedislr-lilre partition associated with the bearing at the other end sothat the driving end of the hub is not borne directly but through themei dium of this tube rigidly associated as it is with the disk which issecured within the shell. In such an arrangement the tube which is cutwith holes to accommodate the gear wheels has advantageously at thedriving end an inner ball bearing cone or member and the balls of thebearing engage with this and with an outer member which takes the formof a cup but which is secured to the spindle.

vWhat l claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. A variable speed gear mechanism arranged on the epicyclic principle,and adapted to provide for a free ruiming condition of the drivingmembers, comprising in combination, a main driving member, one or moregear wheels, a. main driven member, a stationary member, means forpositively engaging and disengaging a gear wheel or gear wheels with orfrom said last mentioned member, a brake for said last mentioned member,said bralre being adapted to be disengaged during the opera-tion ofpositively engaging a gearV wheel and having speciiic provision for sopositioning the parts as to retain conditions of free driving memberthroughout the time during which it is desired that no movement shall beimparted to the main driven member.

Q. A variable speed gear mechanism arranged on the epicyclic principle7comprising `in combination, a sun-gear, a member adapted to be bralred,means for braking said member, a positive clutch for engaging orreleasing the sun gear with or from said member, and means providing twocam surfaces, one of which cam surfaces is adapted to engage anddisengage the positive clutch, and t-he other of which camV surfaces isautomatically adapted to operate the means for braking said member.

8. A variable speed gear mechanism comprising in combination two sungears, positive clutch means for holding stationary one or the other ofsaid gears including a brake, and means whereby said brake may beapplied comprising a cam and a lever, said cam and lever being soarranged that the cam engages the lever at one radius when it is desiredto retain one of the gear wheels from rotation, and at another radiuswhen it is desired to retain another Vgear wheel from rotation.

gages the lever at one radius ivhen it is de'` sired to retain one ofthe gear ivlieels from rotation, and at another radius When it isdesired to retain another gear ivheel from rotation, said lever having aprojection or surface thereon arranged to Vengage with the operatingportion of the cam, ysaidy projection or surfacebeing adjustable andmovable by displacement of the cam in either direction. Y

5. A variable speed vgear mechanism oomprising in combination tvvoplanet Wheels of different diameters mounted ,coaxiallv and arranged torotate as one piece, a frame Jfor said planet Wheels, an internallyl.toothed ring engaging ,one ofthe planet Wheels, an externally toothed,`sun Wheel engaging `an-` other of the planet Wheels, a member, means forbraking andlreleasing said member, and clutch means vvherebv said sunVivlieel `can be positively engaged by said frame or b v said member. Y y

6. A variable speedgear mechanism comprising in combinationthree planetWheels of different `diameters mounted coaxiallv and arranged torotat'easY one piece,`a frame K for Asaid planet Wheels, an internalli7 toothedring engaging oneY of the ,planetvheels an externally toothed sun'Wheel' engaging' another ,one of the planet Wheels, a. member, meansforbraking and releasing sa id meniber, clutch means whereby said sun Wheelcan be positively engaged b v saiddframe or by said member, said. memberhaving clutch teeth thereon, a sun pinion having automatic` clutchpreventing rotation thereof in one direction only,said sun'ppinion beingretained on one side bythe clutch teeth on the said member, a distancepiece forming a bearing for said frame and retaining the sun pinion` onits other side, a second inember, a brake drum carried by said secondmember, said second member being arrangedV to retain said' distancepiece from axial dis-y placement, and `said second member being mountedin such relation to said sleeve asy to be incapable of axial movement inrelation to the same'. o ,l y

7. A variablesp'eed gear mechanismcomprising iiiv combinationthreeplanet Wheels of different.. vdiameters ,mounted coaxiallyandadaptedv to rotate as one ypiece'av frame er shell on which saidplanetv vvlieelsrare mounted, aninternally toothed ring' engag ingfpiieof the planet pinions, an externally toothed slidable sunvvheel engaginganotlierone of said planet pinions and having leeking teeth, saidsun-Wheel having positive clutch `means whereby it cany be engaged withsaid shell or frame, a second,,sun-WheelZ havingloclnng teeth, a ratchetring provided vvith tivo sets of teeth one of Which auto-l anismcomprising in combination a shell or,`

frame, a planet member having tWoplanet Wheels adapted to rotate as onepiece, a part rigid With said shell or frame, said shell or frame andsaid part rigid therevvith having each an outer ball race and saidplanet members having an inner ball race formedat each end thereof forcoperating With,A said outer ball races, and balls mounted between` saidinner and outer ball races for supportmg said planet members.

9. A variable speedepicyclic gear mech'- anism comprising in combinationa shell or frame, a toothed Wheel 'mounted' substantially in external`relation tothe shell or iframe, oneor more planet members carried b vsaid frame and each having tvvo planet Wheels thereon adapted to' rotateas one,fa part carried b v said shell, said shell or frame andsaid parteach having a portion of a ball race at each end ofsaid planetmembersand balls in said races for supporting said planet members, oneof said' planet Wheelslon each planet member `being arranged to projectthrough the shell or frame and to mesh With said toothed vvheel.` y A yo 10. A variable speed epicyclic gear mechanism compri-sing incombination a shell' or frame, planet members mounted on said frame,`and each having tivo planet Wheels, the planet Wheels of each memberbeing adapted to rotate as one piece, a part rigid comprising ineombinationa shell or frame,4

one or more planet members each'i having tvvoA planet Wheels, the planetWheels of each member being adapted to rotate as one piece,v a partrigid with said shell er frame,

said shell or trame and said part each hav ing a portion ot' a ball raceat each end ot' said planet members, a sun wheel adapted to mesh withone pinion ot all the planet members, a member adapted to be bralred,positive clutch means for engaging said sun Wheel vvith the shell ortrame on the one hand and said last mentioned member on the other hand,a second sun Wheel mounted around said last mentioned member andarranged in mesh vvith the other pinions on said planet members, anautomatic ratchet ring cooperating ivith said second sun Wheel, saidring having teeth thereon .tor catching saidwvheel when said ratchetring revolves faster than said second sun Wheel in the direction of thenormal rotation ot said second sun Wheel, said ratchet ring also havingother teeth thereon, a distance piece torm-V ing a rbearing for the mainshell or :trame and retaining said second sun Wheel on one side, saidlast mentioned member having means retaining said ratchet ring and saidsecond sun Wheel on the other side, a member tor retaining saiddistancepiece from axial rotation, and a brake drum mounted on said retaining`member, said last mentioned retaining member being mounted in suchrelation'to said member adapted to be bralred as to be incapable otiaxial movement in relation to the same.

12. An epicyclic variable speed gearing comprising in combination adriving member having an internally toothed vvheel, a driven member,planet members carried upon the driven member each having tivo planetWheels, one of which planet Wheels meshes ivith said internally toothedWheel, the said planet Wheels ot each member being of diiierentdiameters being coaxially arranged and adapted to rotate as one piece, aslidable sun gear in mesh With said planet Wheels, ,and a stationarymember with which said sun Wheel may be engaged at will, the sun Wheelthroughout its movements remaining` in mesh with the planet Wheel.

13. An epicyclic'variable speed gearing comprising in Combination adriving member having an internally toothed Wheel thereon, a drivenmember, planet members each having tivo Wheels carried thereby, one ofwhich meshes `vvith said internal Wheel, the said planet Wheels being otdii`erent diameters and those on each planet member being mountedcoaXially and adapted to rotate as one piece, a slidable sun Wheel inmesh with one ot the planet Wheels in each planet member, and astationary member with which said sun Wheel may be engaged at will, thesun Wheel being adapted also to engage with the driving member and to beplaced in a neutral position in which it is disengaged from both thedriving member and the stationary member, the arrangement being suchthat the sunivheel througlr out all itsV movements for these positionsis adapted to remain in mesh with the planet Wheel. Y

1st. An epieyclic variable speed gearing comprising in combination adriving member having an internally toothed WheelV thereon, a drivenmember, one or more member with which said sun ivheel Y is` adapted toengage, and a second sun Wheel arranged to mesh with another Wheel ofthe planet member, said second sun Wheel having an automatic clutch bywhich When the sliding sun Wheel is appropriately' positioned, thesecond sun pinion is retained sta tion-ary to provide another speed, thearrangement being such that said4 sliding gear throughout its movementsremains in mesh with its planet Wheel and the second sun pinion isclutched to the stationary member only when the slidable sun Wheel isappropriately placed. Y y i 15. A variable speed gearing mechanismcomprising in combination concentric main driving and main drivenmembers, and a safety device in the nature of a clutch adapted toprovide tor slipping or overrunning and arranged between the maindriving and main driven members, said clutch being adapted to remain inthe en# gaged position under all circumstances ot Working of themechanism, means for changing the speeds and for providing the conditionet tree Vengine and other rictionally engageable means in addition tothe safety device to provide torV gradual picking up ot the power fromthe conditions of tree engine to the condition of drive.

16. A variable speed gearing mechanism comprising in combination a maindriven member, an element mounted coaxially with said driven member, andf variableV speed transmitting means intermediate said ele; ment andsaid driven member, a gear Wheel constituting the first memberot'saidmeans, and a safety device incorporated between said element andsaid gear Wheel, said safety device being mounted coaXially with saidrivet element, said safety device constituting a clutch and having onepart rigidly associated with the gear Wheel and the other part rigidlyassociated VWith the said element.

17. A variable speed gearing mechanism comprising` in combinationconcentric main driving and main driven members, a safety device betweensaid driving and driven l" members in the nature of a clutch adapted toprovide for slipping or overrunning means providing for changing thespeeds between the driving and driven members and Jfor providing acondition of free engine, said clutch being adapted to remain in theengaged position under all circumstances of working of the mechanism,and additional frictional means to provide for gradual picking` up ofthe power from the condi- Jtion of free engine to the condition of driveincluding a brake, and a member adapted to be engaged frictionally bysaid brake and retained in a stationary Condition thereby7 thearrangement being such that the condition of free engine is obtained byvirtue of releasing said brake by the operator.

18. A variable speed gearing mechanism comprising in combination ashell, planet Wheels carried by said shell, a sun wheel meshing with said planet Wheels, a sleeve 39 having teeth thereon, clutch meanswhereby said sun Wheel may be positively engaged with said shell on theone hand and With said teeth on the other hand, a second sun Wheel 40,an automatic clutch 34 Jfor providing for a free Wheel in connectionWith said second sun Wheel, said automatic clutch being also adapted toengage With the teeth on said sleeve, a bearing member 41 for retainingsaid second sun wheel 40 in its Working position, a brake drum 42, amember integral with or carrying the brake drum for retaining saidmember 41 in position, said member having a permanent dog clutchconnection With the sleeve 39, and a ring 43 or equivalent member forretaining said first mentioned member in such connection.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twoWitnesses.

MIKAEL PEDERSEN. Witnesses:

Lnwis D. GrooLD, ARTHUR H. BROWN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

